2-Pedagogical+Content+Knowledge

3. Pedagogical Content Knowledge Derek Duke and David McCallum Delta Cohort media type="custom" key="12332472" Ashley and Brook- Coquitlam media type="custom" key="12474546"

PCK in a package: (Nicole Lewis - Delta Cohort)

 How are you going to unpack/teach the content? ·it’s an evolving process of understanding teaching AND learning · requires an understanding of the content & how best to teach it ·interpreting the content (subject matter) and finding different ways of teaching this desired content in a clear and concise manner, to make it accessible to all learners. *You must become a MASTER TEACHER – determine how best to teach your content to each student (being able to adapt the content to the different learning styles, needs) ·this requires understanding of class composition · understanding the “habits of mind”: things we should teach our students to do when confronted with problems in which the solutions are not immediately apparent:
 * 1) Communicating with clarity and precision
 * 2) Managing impulsivity
 * 3) Gathering data through all senses
 * 4) Listening with understanding and empathy
 * 5) Creating, imagining, innovating
 * 6) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Thinking flexibly
 * 7) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Responding with enthusiasm
 * 8) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Metacognition
 * 9) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Taking responsible risks
 * 10) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Striving for accuracy and precision
 * 11) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Finding humour
 * 12) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Questioning and problem posing
 * 13) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Thinking interdependently
 * 14) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Applying past knowledge to new situations
 * 15) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Remaining open to continuous learning

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Example:

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Content: Weather Unit <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pedagogy: I need to be aware of the best way to deliver this content to my gr. 4 students. I have a range of students that have a variety of academic and behavioural challenges. Therefore, I have to consider the reading level, engagement level (include hands on activities) and the vocabulary. I also need to ensure I vary the activities from lesson to lesson so that I can reach and engage all learners.

<span style="background-color: #3d00ff; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 24px; line-height: 0px; overflow-x: hidden; overflow-y: hidden; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">PCK (Birgit Jackson - Delta Cohort)

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CK (Content knowledge) – knowing/understanding your course material & curriculum

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">PK (Pedagogical knowledge) – knowing how students learn and how to teach them; knowing learning theories and understanding of how our teaching strategies increase students’ learning. GETTING TO KNOW THE STUDENTS/LEARNERS IN OUR CLASSES.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In my particular case where I teach a small class of at-risk youth (extensive behavioral disorders), it is easier for me to get to know my students’ strengths and weaknesses, and adjust my teaching and their lessons according to their challenges than if I were teaching a regular high school class of 30 students.


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I vary my instructional strategies in order to accommodate the different types of learners, for one size does <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">__not__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> fit all in terms of teaching methodology/strategies. (eg. The first lesson may be teacher-centred, after which I may assign individual students to teach certain sections, (just as we are doing right now), next I may divide my students into small groups and orchestrate the jigsaw puzzle method of teaching, etc., after which I may assign students to work on research projects so that they (together with the Internet) become their own teacher, etc.
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I do my best to accommodate the 7 Multiple Intelligences in my classroom, paying particular attention to the areas in which my students appear to struggle or acknowledge difficulty. (The 7 Multiple Intelligences include: Linguistic Intelligence, Logical-Mathematical Intelligence, Bodily-Kinesthetic Intel., Musical Intel., Spatial Intel., Interpersonal Intel., Intrapersonal Intel., and Logical-Mathematical Intel.)
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I sometimes give my students the option of working individually or with a partner
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I often give my students choices in terms of their assignments (see projects below)
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I sometimes give my students the choice of assessment strategy to be used (eg. numerical grade, letter grade, anecdotal response, etc.)
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I usually give my students the choice of presentation style to be used (eg. Power Point vs. oral presentation vs. written report)

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">For my Science 10 course, my students are allowed to conduct experiments during class which I must deem a) are safe to conduct, b) are able to be done within the walls of our treatment centre or outside on the grounds, c) require easy to acquire materials at very little cost to me and d) do not require much time to perform. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Project possibilities that I have offered to my students for the Earth Science Unit of Science 10 include, but are not limited to, the following:


 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Build a volcano
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Demonstrate how pressure can cause a volcanic eruption
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Determine which type of rock (Granite, Sandstone, Limestone) is most porous
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Demonstrate the erosion effect of water on soil
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Simulate the formation of limestone
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Desalinate sea water

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Cambria; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">(Ideas for my various Science units often come the Internet.)

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Coquitlam Cohort input:

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Examples of PCK in our class.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #9900ff; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">It represents the blending of content and pedagogy into an understanding of how particular topics, problems, or issues are organized, represented, and adapted to the diverse interests and abilities of learners, and presented for instruction” (p. 8)

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">PLO: develop and apply a formula for determining the area of: triangles, parallelograms, circles [CN, PS, R, V]

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pedagogy: Having taught and explored area of quadrilaterals. I decided to scaffold their knowledge to help them make the connections between quads and circles. They were presented with the following question: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Using our prior knowledge of area of quads, how can we use this knowledge to help us develop a formula for circles?

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I gave them a paper circle cut out. and said GO!

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 21px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">PCK Example <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Content – Healthy living (physical activity) <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Pedagogy – I had students work in collaborative groups to brainstorm the meaning of 3 terms (strength, endurance, and flexibility). <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In their groups, they had to answer the following 4 questions: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">What does this mean? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">What are some examples of this type of activity? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How is this type of activity different from the others? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">How does this type of activity contribute to good health? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Times New Roman; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Students used prior knowledge and collaborated to construct new meaning.

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Team 3 PCK from Jason and Andre TLTC
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