3-Technological+Content+Knowledge

4. Technological Content Knowledge

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__Technological Content Knowledge__

-how the subject itself is being changed by technology -technology has provided new perspectives for understanding the content -technology has led to fundamental changes to the content: i.e Regarding the subject of writing and technology......think of the difference between journal writing(pen and paper) and blogging.......there is the technology aspect which is the blog and there is the content piece which is the writing and how blogging has changed the content knowledge of writing(hyperlinks, comments, adding videos, etc.)

-understanding the impact of technology on the practices and knowledge of a given subject is critical to developing appropriate technological tools for educating students -which technology is best for the content and how content can be changed by technology

-TCK is the understanding of how technology and content can influence each other yet also constrain each other -the choice of technology can positively or negatively affect the teaching of your subject. i.e.: negative: the use of calculators in math can weaken student’s basic computation skills positive: blogging can increase written output in some students who experience difficulty with pen to paper and it can also connect students ideas and lead to deeper understanding.

-teachers need to not only know the subject matter but also understand how that subject matter can be changed by the application of certain technologies

Example from article: program to make geometry proofs by allowing students to manipulate it changes the nature of the learning. Proofs by construction is now a form or representation not available before the use of this technology

-teachers need to develop fluency in all three core areas of TPACK - and how they interrelate. You need to know more than the singular parts.

__Examples from our classrooms:__

__Taryn__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">: An example of TCK in Science would be the studying of habitats through the use of a collaborative site call epals™. Students are learning about the habitats of their epal in another part of the world – researching animals and plants as well as impacts humans are having on different areas. While they are learning about the areas (and covering the content of the unit) they are also incorporating technology while building wikis together to compile all their information. The information they have collected on their habitat is communicated to their epals in the form of email. Having an authentic audience for their research as well as collaborating combines the two areas of content and technology.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; vertical-align: baseline;">__Krissy:__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I have been blogging over the past year and half not only on my own, but also with my students. When I first started teaching blogging, I only saw it as a technology to teach the students, not a skill. I was not looking to connect it with content, however I soon realized that the students were doing that. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I began to see more authentic writing, which included peer feedback and support and the student soon started to show enthusiasm for writing! I am now looking at how I teach writing and what works and what I need to change. The biggest thing that I have found is who the students are writing for is key. When the students know they have a real audience they have become more thoughtful and responsible in their learning of writing. They are not being lazy, I say lazy because when I use to edit for them the mistakes were ridiculous! Not capital letters, no periods, and silly spelling mistakes. When they knew a peer would be editing and that they would be sharing out, well let’s just say their writing was amazing! <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I see that TCK really is about understanding the content you want to teach and fully understanding the technology and its skills and how they work together to further the development of these 21st century learners.

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__<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Christopher Brandolini __

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">This week my students are learning about living and exploring Space. To help learn the Content, my students have been given an opportunity to explore the NASA explorers website, where they have many virtual reality games and environments to explore not only the International Space Station but also complete several in space missions, where they need to overcome the challenges of space.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The technology part of this section was inspired by the article written by Henry Jenkins on Participatory Culture. By using online virtual games to learn the content of our Space Unit. I found the students to be fully engaged while they explored not only the different areas of the space shuttle and International Space Station but also they were given free time to explore more of the resources from the site in which many student went over and above what was required of them.

Space walk game [|http://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/3d_resources/station_spacewalk_game.html] NASA education website []

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Next up online chat/skype session with a NASA and Deep Ocean photographer/explorer.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; display: block; font-family: Arial Black; font-size: 24px; text-align: center; vertical-align: baseline;">__TCK: EXAMPLES OF HOW IT WAS USED IN THE CLASSROOM by Layla, Leanne, Lyane, and Daryl__

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; vertical-align: baseline;">__T__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial Black; font-size: 19px; vertical-align: baseline;">__echnological Content Knowledge__

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- how technology and knowledge influence and constrain each other <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- which technology is best for the content and how content can be changed by technology <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- having the know how of the technology <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- teachers need to not only know their subject matter - they also need to know the way the subject matter is affected and changed by the technology and how they can apply the technology to the content

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">example: program to make geometry proofs by allowing students to manipulate it changes the nature of the learning. Proofs by construction is now a form or representation not available before the use of this technology

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-teachers need to develop fluency in all three core areas of TPACK - and how they interrelate. You need to know more than the singular parts.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial Black; font-size: 19px; vertical-align: baseline;">__EXAMPLE BY LAYLA d’EMANUELE:__

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I have many examples of technology coming before the content but my best example is when we learned about wordpress with Stephen Whiffin. In our class he showed us how to use this blogging site and by playing around with it I started to think of ways that I could use this new tool for my Spanish 11 class. As a result, I came up with an activity that fit the content I was teaching at the time and tried this new technology. In this experience I discovered the technology before the content and found a way to incorporate it into my teaching practice.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial Black; font-size: 19px; vertical-align: baseline;">__Leanne’s Example__

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">My example of having the subject content before the technology was when I was doing my writing activities in class. I was having the students write stories using paper and pencil and then decided to try Powerpoint with my students. I taught the students the basic tools and let them explore. They really enjoyed using Powerpoint and have created numerous writing activities with Powerpoint. So I knew my subject matter first before even considering using technology in the writing lessons. By doing this I have learned to incorporate technology into my teaching practice.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial Black; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">__DELTA__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Technology and Content are reciprocally related - you want to know the content and teach it through technology to ensure a rich learning experience

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There are constraints however, due to limited access to technology and/or limited knowledge of technological programs available.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Teachers need to know not just the subject matter they teach, but also the manner in which the subject matter can be changed by the application of technology.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial Black; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Examples of TCK in our practice...
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Geo-caching as a form of teaching latitude and longitude
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">using <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; vertical-align: baseline;">__[|storybird.com]__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> to create a story and share it with the world
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">slow motion video when coaching to show the players how to improve the play/technique
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Using an IPAD to create a social story about an anxiety causing issue for a special needs child
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Raz-kids do home reading through the computer at home rather than a book
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In math, students use of graphic calculators enriches their problem-solving skills and how exams are given and the ability to cover the content more in-depth
 * <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; vertical-align: baseline;">__[|gregtangmath.com]__ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> - kids read problems on the computer and solve them by seeing a “hint” to visually manipulate what is being counted

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 24px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Technology Content Knowledge

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Overview of the theory

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">“Understanding the impact of technology on the practices and knowledge of a given discipline is critical to developing appropriate technological tools for educational purposes.”

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">“ <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Georgia; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">TCK, then, is an understanding of the manner in which technology and content influence and constrain one another. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">”

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Technology can both enhance and constrain the way content is taught; likewise, the content will dictate the types of technology that can be used in the classroom. It can be thought of as a symbiotic relationship: content informing the choice of technology used and technology available allowing certain content to be taught. Using technology in the classroom can also open up new perspectives on how content is perceived.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Good questions to ask around TCK: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">1. How can technology be used to enhance the content? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">2. Can this particular content be enhanced by technology? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">3. What are the benefits/shortfalls for using technology to teach X content? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">4. What skills/attitudes need to be taught in order for this technology to be effective for teaching X content? <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">5. How would Tom teach this content? (aka WWTD?) (This is really the only question that needs to be asked...if Tom would use it, you should use it)

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Illustrate the theory with examples from practice

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Examples: <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://platea.pntic.mec.es/cvera/hotpot/chansons/__] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> is a website I’ve used to teach content (both culture and language) and is a good example of TCK because this tool was chosen for the particular content it utilizes and vice versa.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Other technological tools that I’ve used in the classroom include Animoto, Prezi and Wikis to present content information is ways other than a standard PowerPoint or poster presentation.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">There’s also <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://www.mozaikonline.com/__] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">, <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://www.bonjourdefrance.com/n11/jeux/oiebdf2.html__] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> , <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://www.brainpop.fr/__] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> , <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://fog.ccsf.cc.ca.us/~creitan/clark.htm__] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> , <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://www.polarfle.com/crime/crimeinter.htm__] <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> which provide French language/culture content through technology and can either be used in class to teach a concept initially, or at home for review/homework.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">When students use diigo for doing research it changes their perspective of what research can look like. It becomes more interactive and permanent - they can access (if they want) their research both inside and outside of school. The becomes especially meaningful if what they are researching is personally meaningful to them.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">In the language arts the technological tools/content that can be used to enhance content are almost endless - youtube, blogging, glogster, jing, movie makers and other presentation tools, websites, picture editing sites, different online games, social media sites, etc, etc - can all be used to enhance a language arts program. I think the humanities has much more flexibility around using technology for content than the math or science content areas, although there are plenty of options for those content areas as well. iTunesU has plenty of educational videos for content areas like math and science, and there are plenty of games (ARGs - alternate reality games), apps and other websites that can be used to practice mathematical concepts.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 19px; vertical-align: baseline;">__Technological Content Knowledge (Coq)__

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- how technology and knowledge influence and constrain each other <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- which technology is best for the content and how content can be changed by technology <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- having the know how of the technology <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">- teachers need to not only know their subject matter - they also need to know the way the subject matter is affected and changed by the technology and how they can apply the technology to the content

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">example: program to make geometry proofs by allowing students to manipulate it changes the nature of the learning. Proofs by construction is now a form or representation not available before the use of this technology

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Insights in Krissy’s Blog <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000099; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; vertical-align: baseline;">[|__http://mseppelesblog.wordpress.com/2012/01/13/tpack-and-making-the-connection/__]

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 15px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">-teachers need to develop fluency in all three core areas of TPACK - and how they interrelate. You need to know more than the singular parts.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Examples from my classroom, how i am using TCK in my classroom,

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Christopher Brandolini

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">TCK example from my classroom <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">This week my students are learning about living and exploring Space. To help learn the Content, my students have been given an opportunity to explore the NASA explorers website, where they have many virtual reality games and environments to explore not only the International Space Station but also complete several in space missions, where they need to overcome the challenges of space. <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The technology part of this section was inspired by the article written by Henry Jenkins on Participatory Culture. By using online virtual games to learn the content of our Space Unit. I found the students to be fully engaged while they explored not only the different areas of the space shuttle and International Space Station but also they were given free time to explore more of the resources from the site in which many student went over and above what was required of them.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Next up online chat/skype session with a NASA and Deep Ocean photographer/explorer.

<span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Gurjit <span style="background-color: transparent; color: #000000; font-family: Arial; font-size: 16px; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">I look at what technology is available and how it fits into the content that I’m teaching and then apply it. I’ve been using word as a place for students to create their own master templates for writing. They like that because they get to create their own forum and space for writing and eventually becomes an extension of their creativity. Also, we have used Prezi and Microsoft Powerpoint to as a presentation tool to present on their Immigration stories when we were learning about each other. Prezi was fun for them because it was something new. Now that we are building a community in our group projects students are allowed to used whatever tools they can to present and display their project. I witnessed students using these tools to display learning. One group was using Word to design their clothes for their project using the drawing tools in there. So a lot of these tools are useful for the any content area because they are used for presenting so it’s a different take on the old school poster board...although they are allowed to use that too.